우분투 전역변수 설정

vi /etc/environment

 

노틸러스에 이미지 리사이징 하는 메뉴 붙이기

sudo apt-get install nautilus-image-converter imagemagick

 

Ubuntu Custom Login Profile

sudo cp /usr/share/xsessions/gnome-fallback.desktop /usr/share/xsessions/custom.desktop
sudo vi /usr/share/xsessions/custom.desktop

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Webterror Session
Comment=Custom ~/.xsession script
Exec=/home/webterror/.xsession
X-Ubuntu-Gettext-Domain=gdm

 

외부 FTP 마운트 시키기

webterror@webterror:~$ cat /etc/fuse.conf 
# Set the maximum number of FUSE mounts allowed to non-root users.
# The default is 1000.
#
#mount_max = 1000

# Allow non-root users to specify the 'allow_other' or 'allow_root'
# mount options.
#
user_allow_other ===> 주석해제
webterror@webterror:~$ sudo chmod 755 /etc/fuse.conf 
webterror@webterror:~$ curlftpfs -o nonempty webterror:1234@192.168.0.150/public_html /home/webterror/Desktop/SERVER

 

패키지 내부 파일 리스트 보기

sudo apt-get install apt-file
sudo apt-file update
예) apt-file list libsvn-java

 

기본 패키지 기능

$ dpkg-query -L synergy

 

NetworkManger 불응답시

sudo gedit /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf

make "managed=true"

sudo killall NetworkManager

logout and login again

 

SMB 설정방법

삼바 상태 확인
$ service smbd status
$ testparm
# netstat -tunap | grep smb

 

로케일 추가

check which locales are supported :

less /usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED

Add locale to list of generated

echo "ko_KR.EUC-KR EUC-KR" >> /var/lib/locales/supported.d/local
echo "ko_KR.UTF-8 UTF-8" >> /var/lib/locales/supported.d/local

Regenerate list (it will invoke locale-gen…)

sudo dpkg-reconfigure locales

 

내부아이피 다시 공유시키기

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Internet/ConnectionSharing

sudo ip addr add 192.168.0.1/24 dev eth0

sudo iptables -A FORWARD -s 192.168.0.0/24 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -t nat -F POSTROUTING
sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE
sudo sh -c "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward"

 

내부아이피 다시 공유하고 인터넷망만 WLAN으로 빠지게 하기

# 원래 eth0에 추가 아이피를 지정해 준다.

sudo ip addr add 192.168.0.2/24 dev eth0
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -s 192.168.0.0/24 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT
sudo iptables -t nat -F POSTROUTING
sudo sh -c "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward"

# 여기서 특정 아이피만 찍어서 마스커레이딩을 시킨다.

sudo iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.0.10 -o wlan0 -j MASQUERADE

 

윈도우 공유디렉토리

mount -t cifs //IPADDRESS/SHARE /home/Desktop/IPADDRESS/SHARE -o username=username,password=password -o iocharset=euc-kr
mount -t cifs //130.68.49.237/SAMPLE /home/Desktop/130.68.49.237/SAMPLE -o username=guest,password=guest -o iocharset=euc-kr

 

SFTP용 공유계정 만들어주기

sudo /usr/sbin/sshd -d (conf파일 디버그 하기)
# SSH 로그인 세션 확인
tail -f /var/log/auth.log

sudo mkdir -p /home/ssh_guest/guest1/upload/
sudo adduser --home /home/ssh_guest/guest1 guest1
sudo chown root:root -R /home/ssh_guest
sudo groupadd sftponly

sudo usermod -a -G sftponly guest1
sudo chmod 777 /home/ssh_guest/guest1/upload/

sshd_config 파일에 마지막에 추가

Match Group sftponly
ChrootDirectory /home/ssh_guest/%u
ForceCommand internal-sftp
PasswordAuthentication yes
X11Forwarding no
AllowTcpForwarding no

 

 

 

우분투 색상 바꾸기 (이클립스에서 Debug Inspect 창이 검정배경으로 나오는 경우)

sudo apt-get install gnome-color-chooser

 

우분투에서 ntfs 파티션 포맷하기

$ mkntfs /dev/sdb1

 

노틸러스에서 바로 터미널 열기

sudo apt-get install nautilus-open-terminal
nautilus -q && nautilus&

 

ubuntu 에서 java 설치 위치 찾아내기

sudo update-alternatives --config java

 

Unity 초기화 하기

For 12.04 and Below – unity –reset
For 12.10 – How do I reset my Unity configuration?
For 13.04+ – unity-tweak-tool –reset-unity
Remove Launcher Custom Icons – unity –reset-icons

 

Compiz Config Settings Manager

sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager
sudo apt-get install compizconfig-settings-manager compiz-plugins compiz-plugins-extra

 

Ubuntu Tweak 설치

sudo apt-get install unity-tweak-tool

 

배포판 버전 업그레이드가 아닌 현시스템 전체 업그레이드

sudo apt-get upgrade

 

우분투 크롬 이탤릭체 제대로 나오게 하기

https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/custom-stylesheet-script/hojkciooaohipljgobfikbkjcehockld/details?hl=en-US
@@ 위의 Extensions를 설치해서 강제로 스타일 시트를 입힌다.
i {
font-style: normal;
}

 

우분투에서 네트워크 IP 및 DNS 설정하기

# The loopback network interface
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback

# The primary network interface
auto em1
#iface em1 inet dhcp
iface em1 inet static
address 192.168.0.100
netmask 255.255.255.0
network 192.168.0.0
broadcast 192.168.0.255
gateway 192.168.0.2
dns-nameservers 8.8.8.8


sudo dpkg-reconfigure resolvconf
sudo vi /etc/resolv.conf

 

 

MySQL 완전히 지우기

sudo apt-get remove --purge mysql-client mysql-server mysql-common mysql-server-core-5.5 mysql-client-core-5.5
sudo apt-get autoclean
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql
sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql

 

post-removal script ERROR 문제 해결방법

dpkg (subprocess): unable to execute installed post-removal script: Exec format error
dpkg: error processing postgresql-client-common (–remove):
subprocess installed post-removal script returned error exit status 2
No apport report written because MaxReports is reached already Errors were encountered while processing:
postgresql-9.2
postgresql-client-9.2
postgresql-common
postgresql-client-common
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/info/mysql-*

@@ 이후에 다음과 같은에러가 나올수 있다.
webterror@webterror-netbook:~$ sudo apt-get install –reinstall mysql-client mysql-server
Reading package lists… Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information… Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 2 reinstalled, 0 to remove and 49 not upgraded.
Need to get 0 B/22.8 kB of archives.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
(Reading database …
dpkg: warning: files list file for package `mysql-client-5.5′ missing, assuming package has no files currently installed.
dpkg: warning: files list file for package `mysql-server-core-5.5′ missing, assuming package has no files currently installed.
dpkg: warning: files list file for package `mysql-server-5.5′ missing, assuming package has no files currently installed.
dpkg: warning: files list file for package `mysql-common’ missing, assuming package has no files currently installed.
dpkg: warning: files list file for package `mysql-client-core-5.5′ missing, assuming package has no files currently installed.

@@ 해당 패키지 들을 전부 재설치하면 해결된다.
리눅스 Grub 날렸을 경우
Grub Customizer Portable
우분투 라이브 CD로 부팅 해서 위 파일을 받아 속성-권한-실행 허용 해주고
File -> install to MBR
askubuntu

 

우분투 배터리 상태 체크하기

cat /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/capacity

 

듀얼 모니터 사용시 경계선 마우스 걸림 방지

The other way is under Settings-Displays, then turn Off the Sticky edges option.

 

우분투 데스크탑 최근 기록 지우기

1. Go to System Settings.
2. In System Settings click on Security & Privacy.
3. Then Files & Applications.
4.Click on Clear Usage Data.

 

grub2 복구하기

$ mkdir /mnt/ubuntu
$ sudo mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/ubuntu
$ sudo mount --bind /dev /mnt/ubuntu/dev
$ sudo mount --bind /dev/pts /mnt/ubuntu/dev/pts
$ sudo mount --bind /proc /mnt/ubuntu/proc
$ sudo mount --bind /sys /mnt/ubuntu/sys

$ mkswap -f /dev/sda5 => 이렇게 해야 UUID가 생성된다.

$ sudo chroot /mnt/ubuntu/ /bin/bash

$ grub-install /dev/sda
$ update-grub2

 

고스트로 이미지를 복원할때 에러 Incorrect span segment 가 난다면,
이미지를 USB로 옮겨서 복원해 보면 가능할수도 있다.

 

UUID 변경

Secondly, generate a UUID

This is simple, the following command will output a UUID like below:

uuidgen

f0acce91-a416-474c-8a8c-43f3ed3768f9
Finally apply the new UUID to the partition

This is also another command, tune2fs, which will apply our new UUID to our device path:

sudo tune2fs /dev/sde5 -U f0acce91-a416-474c-8a8c-43f3ed3768f9

Done, now you can update your grub to include the correct UUID’s to reduce any risk of your system confusing the partitions.

 

pdf to text

sudo apt-get install poppler-utils

 

ALT키 한영키로 전환

sudo vi /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/altwin

// Meta is mapped to second level of Alt keys.
partial modifier_keys
xkb_symbols "meta_alt" {
key <LALT> { [ Alt_L, Meta_L ] };
key <RALT> { type[Group1] = "TWO_LEVEL",
//symbols[Group1] = [ Alt_R, Meta_R ] };
symbols[Group1] = [ Hangul ] };
modifier_map Mod1 { Alt_L, Alt_R, Meta_L, Meta_R };
// modifier_map Mod4 {};
};

임시파일 삭제

sudo rm -fv /var/lib/xkb/*

iBUS 강제로 설정 바꾸는 것 – 안해도 상관없음
# dconf-editor 설치
sudo apt-get install dconf-editor

# dconf 실행
dconf-editor

# org-> gnome -> desktop -> wm -> keybindings -> switch-input-source -> [‘Hangul’] 로 설정

VirtualBox에서 키보드 타입 바꿀것

1. 시작->실행->regedit
2. HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\i8042prt\Parameters로 이동
3. LayerDriver KOR 항목을 kbd101a.dll로 수정
4. OverrideKeyboardIdentifier는 PCAT_101AKEY로 수정
5. OverrideKeyboardSubtype 항목을 3으로 수정

 

nm-applet 네트워크 애플릿 사라졌을시에 대응 방법

user1@user1-900X3L:~$ nm-applet
user1@user1-900X3L:~$ ps aux | grep nm-applet
user1 3517 0.0 0.4 1146988 39032 ? Sl 7월31 0:30 nm-applet
user1 8244 0.0 0.0 23596 1008 pts/2 S+ 17:20 0:00 grep –color=auto nm-applet
user1@user1-900X3L:~$ kill -9 3517
user1@user1-900X3L:~$ ps aux | grep nm-applet
user1 8249 0.0 0.0 23596 944 pts/2 S+ 17:20 0:00 grep –color=auto nm-applet
user1@user1-900X3L:~$ nm-applet &

 

우분투 기본 터미널 설정방법

sudo update-alternatives --config x-terminal-emulator

여기에서 gnome-terminal 찾아서 선택해 주면 된다.

 

키보드라이트끄는 방법

sudo bash -c 'echo 0 > /sys/devices/platform/samsung/leds/samsung\:\:kbd_backlight/brightness'

sudo vi /etc/rc.local
아래 내용 추가
echo 0 > /sys/devices/platform/samsung/leds/samsung\:\:kbd_backlight/brightness

 

어플리케이션_링크아이콘만들기

user1@webterror-desktop:~/Downloads$ sudo vi /usr/share/applications/spark.desktop

@@ 이클립스 단축 아이콘 추가
user1@webterror-desktop:~$ sudo vi /usr/share/applications/eclipse.desktop

 

VirtualBox UUID동일한 VDI 바꿀때 먼저 UUID를 바꾸는 방법

# UUID 바꾸기

VBoxManage internalcommands sethduuid Windows7-Work-20151101.vdi

 

sudo apt-get install virtualbox-guest-x11

c:\Windows\System32>VBoxTray.exe

c:\Windows\System32>VBoxService.exe -f
VBoxService 5.0.4 r102546 (verbosity: 0) win.x86 (Sep 8 2015 08:05:05) release
log
00:00:00.000000 main Log opened 2016-01-15T02:23:55.650632800Z
00:00:00.046875 main OS Product: Windows 7
00:00:00.062500 main OS Release: 6.1.7601
00:00:00.062500 main Executable: c:\Windows\System32\VBoxService.exe
00:00:00.062500 main Process ID: 888
00:00:00.062500 main Package type: WINDOWS_32BITS_GENERIC
00:00:00.109375 main 5.0.4 r102546 started. Verbose level = 0

 

 

TOMBOY ssh sync 설정하는 방법

클라이언트에서 ssh-keygen으로 키를 만들어준다.
user1@user1-VirtualBox:~$ ssh-keygen

키를 서버에 복사한다.
user1@user1-VirtualBox:~$ ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/macbookair.pub webterror@webterror.net

서버에 접속해서 패스워드를 묻지 않는다면 해결이 된것.!
user1@user1-VirtualBox:~$ ssh webterror@webterror.net